How to Install Composite Decking?
Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) decking is becoming more popular with homeowners as an alternative to traditional wood decking. It offers excellent performance in terms of water resistance, UV resistance, crack resistance, and low maintenance. As a result, homeowners are interested in using composite material for decking because of its low maintenance and high material performance. Whether it’s a patio, balcony, pool, pavement, or beach area, it will fit right in.
But it’s important to understand how to install composite decking. You may think that installing a composite deck board is a difficult task. Fortunately, installing composite decking is very similar to installing timber. This guide provides detailed composite decking installation methods to help you achieve a professional decking installation, whether you install it yourself or hire a contractor.
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Table of Contents
Installation Similar to Installing Wood Decking
- When laid in a straight line, composite deck boards can be installed using the same standard joist spacing as wood decking (16’ on center).
- Cutting composite decking can be done with the same cutting tools as wood (miter saw or circular saw).
- Composite decking can be installed using top-down fasteners, similar to wood decking.
However, it is important to note that there are some differences between building composite decking and installing wood decking, which will be covered later.
Advantages of Composite Decking Vs. Wood
Before we get into how to install composite deck boards, let’s take a look at why people prefer composite decking.
- Low maintenance: No painting, sanding, or sealing is required. Simply wash it with soap and water to maintain its appearance.
- Durable: Composite material is durable and requires minimal maintenance. It won’t chip, crack, or rot like wood. And even after prolonged exposure to the sun, the color and appearance of your decking will remain intact.
- Sustainability: Composite material is made from recycled materials, making it an environmentally friendly choice.
- Waterproof: The plastic component in Composite deck boards prevents water damage, eliminating the risk of rotting or warping.
Learn More: Wood Decking Vs. Composite Decking: A Complete Comparison
Make Sure You Have Composite Deck Installation Tools
Composite deck installation requires homeowners to have the right tools, most of which are the same as for wood deck construction.
- Circular or miter saw: Cutting composite decking to size.
- Rubber mallet: Holds composite decking in place.
- Level: Used to check that the joists and decking are in the same plane.
- Fasteners or Concealed Fasteners: For securing decking and framing.
- Safety equipment: Safety glasses and gloves for protection during cutting and drilling.
- Chalk line: Used to draw a straight line across the surface of the deck.
Is the Deck Substructure Sturdy?
Installing composite deck boards requires ensuring that there is a strong substructure to maintain the long-lasting integrity of the deck. So, before starting a composite deck installation project, evaluate the deck substructure. The decking substructure should be both a new substructure and an existing deck substructure.
Building a New Deck Frame
If you plan to install composite decking, then rebuilding the decking substructure is the best option. Unless your deck substructure is only going to be used for a few years and is in good condition. Building a new deck substructure ensures that the deck is safe and sturdy and will last for many years to come.
- Use frost-proof deck footings to install posts if you live in a harsh, cold, or four-season environment.
- Ensure proper deck joist spacing and make sure the joists are level and in the same plane.
- Use the proper screws to secure the ledger boards to ensure proper installation.
Using an Existing Deck Substructure
If your lower deck framing is intact, you might consider using an existing substructure, which is simply replacing the existing deck boards. However, you will need to inspect it thoroughly to ensure that your substructure is intact enough to last for a long time. As composite boards will need to be fitted, please remove the existing deck boards first to view the substructure.
A deck substructure suitable for deck resurfacing has the following characteristics:
- Free from mold and rot.
- Able to be reconnected using proper fasteners.
- Still has proper deck joist spacing, and all members are level and in the same plane.
If your decking substructure has only a few loose fasteners or a few damaged joists, chances are it can be repaired. However, if there are too many damaged joists and fasteners, subsequent decking installations may be compromised.
Do not install composite decking directly on top of the existing boards. This can cause serious problems for the entire structure.
Learn more about: Can You Put Composite Decking over Old Deck?
Using Joist Tape to Protect Decking Substructure
Most decking substructures are made from traditional timber and are therefore susceptible to damage over time. Proper protection of the decking substructure can make it last a long time. Joist tape can maximize the protection of the substructure and reduce the likelihood of moisture-related problems. Avoiding moisture helps prevent mold and rot.
Composite Decking Installation Guide
Site Preparation
The most important aspect of a composite decking installation is proper site preparation. In order for the deck to perform well, it is important to ensure that the ground foundation is flat, solid, and level. Maintain a drainage slope of 2-5 degrees to ensure that water can drain away from the deck. The sloped slope is critical to prevent water and moisture build-up underneath the deck. Because composite decking requires adequate space for ventilation and drainage, it is not recommended that it be installed directly over concrete. This may impede air circulation and interfere with proper expansion, contraction, and drainage of the deck.
Installation of Joists
If you need to install a new deck substructure, please follow the instructions below to ensure proper installation. Proper installation of deck joists is important for building strong composite decks.
For the best installation, we recommend that you use pressure-treated lumber or composite joists to build your new deck substructure. More durable materials will ensure a long life for composite decking. When installing the joists, generally keep them spaced on 16’ centers to ensure they are level. Screws are then used to secure the joists to prevent movement. Make sure the joists are securely fastened to the post or base.
Installation of Starting Clips
The starter clips are used to secure the first piece of composite board and are essential to provide a secure and stable starting point. Attach the starter clips to the joists at the beginning of the deck and make sure they are properly aligned. Alternatively, the first board can be secured using hidden fasteners and screws, which look neater.
Installing Composite Boards
After installing the starting clips on the joists, it is time to install the boards. Lay the first piece of composite board onto the joist structure, making sure to align it with the starting clips. The clips will secure the first board to the joist. For subsequent installations, we recommend using hidden fasteners, which create a smooth and neat deck appearance. Continue installing the boards following the steps above, making sure the fasteners snap into place. Make sure each board is tightly secured to the joists.
Leave Proper Spacing
Any material expands and contracts with temperature fluctuations, and composite material is no exception. It is therefore important to leave proper expansion gaps between boards. According to the installation instructions, there should be a 1/8’ gap between decks to allow for expansion and to ensure that the deck boards remain stable throughout the year. However, depending on the environment, be sure to know the local climate and temperature for your installation.
Treating the Deck Edges
After all the decking is installed, it’s time to treat the edges of the deck.
Install fascia boards or L-corner trim: Cover the ends of the boards with fascia boards or L-corner trim to provide a neat appearance. Trim also helps protect the edges of the deck boards from damage and the elements. Attach the trims to the outside edges of the deck, making sure they are aligned and securely fastened.
Conclusion
Now that you have a clear understanding of the best practices for installing composite decking, it’s time to consider composite deck designs. If you’re on a budget, consider using simple shapes like squares and rectangles to keep the build simple.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I install composite decking myself?
Yes, you can. Composite decking installs much like wood decking. As long as you have the right tools and follow the steps, most homeowners can do it. For large projects or new substructures, hiring a contractor is a safer choice.
Can I install composite decking directly over concrete?
No, this is not recommended. Composite decking needs airflow underneath. Without it, moisture can build up. This affects drainage and causes expansion problems. Always build a joist frame over the concrete first.
How much gap should I leave between boards?
Leave a 1/8-inch gap between each board. This allows the material to expand and contract with temperature changes. It keeps your deck stable all year round.
What material should I use for the joists?
Use pressure-treated lumber or composite joists. These materials resist moisture and rot. Adding joist tape on top provides extra protection against water damage.
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